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Should Cloning Be Permitted essays

Should Cloning Be Permitted essays Should Human Cloning Be Permitted? For years, part of the American public, and humans in general, have been fascinated with the possibility of creating human life by other than natural means. There are many who strongly disagree with the idea of human cloning. It certainly wasn't surprising when they were able to clone a sheep and will not be the least surprised if someday scientist's will be able to clone a human being. Should cloning for human benefits or even human cloning itself be allowed in society today? That is a question we must ask ourselves? On one side of the issue are those who believe that human cloning should be permitted. One thing that shows this, is what human cloning research may bring. Those who opposed to a ban believe that human cloning research could bring substantial benefits, including the development of new treatments for cystic fibrosis, other diseases and the ability to create animal with normal compatible organs for transplant. (1."Should Congress Prohibit All Human Cloning Experimentation",Pg 34). From my opinion, I believe that human cloning is just a huge step towards negativism in human life's, rather than simply being the next step in fertility technology. There might be a possibility that human cloning research may result in the discovery of a cure for diseases and the growing of human organs, but the disadvantages are that many years as well as money may be need it. Also several experts told the committee that cloning might be the only chance for many infertile couples to have their own genetically related children.(2.Gorman,Pg66). For what I see these cases are rarely seen, and the little amount of couples who suffer of infertility are more likely to adopt a child. Infertility, is not the cause. This is not the main reason why scientists are coming up with the idea of human cloning. What I believe...

13 beneficios por entrar al Ejército de Estados Unidos

13 beneficios por entrar al Ejà ©rcito de Estados Unidos Entrar  en cualquiera de las ramas del Ejà ©rcito de los Estados Unidos lleva aparejado, adems del sueldo, una serie de beneficios y, en ocasiones, incentivos suculentos. Este es un asunto de interà ©s para los latinos, nacidos ya en Estados Unidos o migrantes, porque cada vez ms un mayor nà ºmero se alista para a servir en cualquiera de las ramas del Ejà ©rcito de los Estados Unidos. En la actualidad son el 14 por ciento del total de militares en servicio activo, pero la cifra sube al 16 por ciento si se cuentan sà ³lo las nuevas incorporaciones. Y es que el Ejà ©rcito en todas sus ramas –Army (Tierra y Guardia Nacional), Navy (Marina), Air Force (Aire), Coast Guard (Guardia Costera) y Marine Corps (Marines)  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ parece  como una buena alternativa para labrarse un futuro. Las estadà ­sticas indican que esta opcià ³n resulta incluso un poco ms atractiva para las latinas que para los varones hispanos. En la actualidad. el Ejà ©rcito de Estados Unidos es el tercero mayor del mundo en cuanto a personal, solamente despuà ©s de los de China e India. Tiene un total 1.281.900 millones de soldados y oficiales en servicio activo y 801.200 en las 7 Reservas. A todos aplica una serie de beneficios y, en algunos casos, notables incentivos. 13 beneficios por ingresar al Ejà ©rcito de los Estados Unidos Los beneficios son para todos los miembros, aunque algunos especà ­ficos pueden variar segà ºn la rama en la que se ingresa y son los siguientes: 1. Educacià ³n. Existen varios caminos que permiten a los miembros del Ejà ©rcito cursar  estudios universitarios mientras forman parte activa del Army o incluso si se realizan dentro de los 10 aà ±os siguientes a la finalizacià ³n de la relacià ³n con el Ejà ©rcito.   Los programas que permiten esta educacià ³n son: GI Bill, Tuitition Assistance, College Reimbursement Plants e incluso la obtencià ³n de crà ©ditos universitarios por entrenamiento realizado en el Ejà ©rcito.   2. Vacaciones. Tanto soldados como oficiales pueden disfrutar cada aà ±o 30 dà ­as de vacaciones pagadas.   3. Promociones. Una vez que se est en el Ejà ©rcito es posible ascender de rango mediante promociones. Cuando mayor es el rango, mayor es el sueldo. Hay que tener en cuenta que cada una de las ramas militares tiene su propio sistema y que incluso se le puede llamar a los rangos de distinta manera. Sin embargo, el sueldo es igual para cada nivel, sin importa cà ³mo se le llame o si se trata de Marines, Marina (o naval), Aire, Guardia Costera o Tierra. 4. Seguro mà ©dico y dental. Est plenamente cubierto mientras se permanece en servicio activo. 5. Tiendas en las que no se pagan impuestos. Se llaman Commissaries o Exchanges. Existen tres tipos: AAFES, para Aire y Tierra, Nexcom para la Marina y el Marine Corps Exchange. Siempre supone un ahorro, particularmente con artà ­culos caros. 6. Actividades de Recreacià ³n, Moral y Bienestar. Es lo que se conoce como MWR, por sus siglas en inglà ©s. Son actividades que se brindan a los militares y a sus familias. Lo cierto es que son muy variadas y difieren notablemente entre las distintas bases y la rama del Ejà ©rcito en la que se sirve.   7. Inmigracià ³n. Servir en el Ejà ©rcito puede tener beneficios migratorios para la persona que se alista  y tambià ©n para sus familiares. Para el soldado u oficial, destacan la posibilidad de adquirir la ciudadanà ­a por naturalizacià ³n en condiciones ventajosas, si se trata de un residente permanente. Adems, los familiares indocumentados de un ciudadano que sirve en el Ejà ©rcito podrà ­an beneficiarse del programa Parole in Place para obtener los papeles. Sin embargo, los migrantes indocumentados no deben, bajo ningà ºn concepto, buscar ingresar a una base militar. Se estn dando casos de arrestos y los migrantes quedan a disposicià ³n de las autoridades migratorias. Tener siempre presente quà © extranjeros se pueden alistar  en el Ejà ©rcito y que el programa MAVNI para profesionales extranjeros presentes legalmente en Estados Unidos est, en estos momentos, no activo. Adems, en ningà ºn caso, los migrantes indocumentados pueden enrolarse en ninguna de las ramas militares de Estados Unidos. La excepcià ³n que existà ­a para los muchachos con DACA aprobado llega a su fin con la terminacià ³n del programa por orden ejecutiva del presidente Donald Trump. 8. Bono por firmar, que en la actualidad tiene un mximo legal de $40.000. Es decir, en ningà ºn caso puede ser superior a esa cantidad. Los Marines y el Ejà ©rcito del Aire son los que menos incentivos al firmar ofrecen y, tambià ©n, los de menor monto. Sà ³lo el Ejà ©rcito de Tierra (Army) ha ofrecido incentivos por la cantidad mxima legal. Adems, puede haber bonos complementarios. Por ejemplo, en el Ejà ©rcito de Tierra se podrà ­a calificar para un bono extra por un mximo de $16.000 por incorporarse en menos de 30 dà ­as a partir de la fecha de enrolarse o un mximo de $8,000 por incorporarse entre el dà ­a 31 y el dà ­a 60 despuà ©s de haber firmado. Una à ºltima palabra sobre este tema: si no se cumple todo el periodo para el que se firmà ³ es obligatorio devolver la cantidad que corresponda al tiempo no servido. 9. Pago de prà ©stamo  a estudiante. Todos los servicios excepto los Marines y la Guarda Costera brindan la posibilidad de pagar todo o parte de los prà ©stamos estudiantiles. 10. Rango avanzado, o Advance Enlistment Rank para las personas que tienen crà ©ditos universitarios o han participado en programas como Junior ROTC en High School. 11. Programa Buddy, cuando dos personas del mismo sexo se enrolan juntas se les puede prometer a travà ©s de este programa que estarn juntas durante el entrenamiento bsico. Incluso si posteriormente entrenan para el mismo trabajo, tambià ©n se harà ­a conjuntamente. 12. Programa Split Option en el caso de Guardia Nacional o Reserva, para alargar en el tiempo el entrenamiento bsico.   13. Otros beneficios, como bonos por incorporarse a la reserva, reenganche en ocupaciones especiales, alistarse tras acabar los estudios secundarios, comprometerse a servir en activo por dos aà ±os seguidos por otros dos aà ±os en la reserva, etc. Dà ³nde informarse sobre los beneficios por servir en el Ejà ©rcito Cuando una persona se alista por primera vez o repite firma un contrato con el Departamento de Defensa que se conoce como Form 4/1. Si adems el alistamiento es para el servicio activo, se firmar, a mayores, otro contrato. Lo importante a destacar es que realmente no importa lo que haya prometido el reclutador, si no est en el contrato, no existe. La à ºnica excepcià ³n son los beneficios que se explicaron anteriormente que le corresponden a todas las personas por servir en el Ejà ©rcito: seguro mà ©dico, salario base, GI Bill, alimentos, etc. Pero en el contrato final con el Departamento de Defensa tienen que estar especificados todos los dems posibles incentivos,  que son opcionales.   Quà © beneficios no se tienen por alistarse en el Ejà ©rcito Es muy comà ºn creer los siguientes 2 errores: En primer lugar, que se puede elegir el servicio. Esto no es asà ­. Es cierto que se tendrn en cuenta las preferencias del soldado u oficial pero al final se acabar en el servicio que decide el Ejà ©rcito. Y en segundo lugar, no es correcta la creencia de que los veteranos que en el pasado sirvieron en el Ejà ©rcito tienen cubierto al 100 por cien el seguro mà ©dico. Esto no es asà ­ aunque son muchos los reclutadores que asà ­ lo manifiestan.   A tener en cuenta sobre el Servicio Selectivo En la actualidad, servir en el Ejà ©rcito de los Estados Unidos es voluntario, es decir, no hay obligacià ³n de prestar el servicio militar.   Sin embargo, todos varones ciudadanos e inmigrantes entre los 18 y los 25 aà ±os de edad sà ­ que deben registrarse para el Servicio Selectivo. Esto afecta a grupos tan variados como los indocumentados presentes en Estados Unidos como a los ciudadanos estadounidenses que residen habitualmente en otro paà ­s.   Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

The Compromise of 1850 Delayed the Civil War 10 years

The Compromise of 1850 Delayed the Civil War 10 years The Compromise of 1850 was a set of bills passed in Congress which tried to settle the issue of slavery, which was about to split the nation. The legislation was highly controversial and it was only passed after a long series of battles on Capitol Hill. It was destined to be unpopular, as just about every part of the nation found something to dislike about its provisions. Yet the Compromise of 1850 served its purpose. For a time it kept the Union from splitting, and it essentially delayed the outbreak of the Civil War for a decade. The Mexican War Led to the Compromise of 1850 As the Mexican War ended in 1848, vast stretches of land acquired from Mexico were going to be added to the United States as new territories or states. Once again, the issue of slavery came to the forefront of American political life. Would new states and territories be free states or slave states? President Zachary Taylor wanted California admitted as a free state, and wanted New Mexico and Utah admitted as territories which excluded slavery under their territorial constitutions. Politicians from the South objected, claiming that admitting California would upset the balance between slave and free states and would split the Union. On Capitol Hill, some familiar and formidable characters, including Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, and John C. Calhoun, began trying to hammer out some sort of compromise. Thirty years earlier, in 1820, the U.S. Congress, largely at the direction of Clay, had tried to settle similar questions about slavery with the Missouri Compromise. It was hoped that something similar could be achieved to lessen tensions and avoid a sectional conflict. The Compromise of 1850 Was an Omnibus Bill Henry Clay, who had come out of retirement and was serving as a senator from Kentucky, put together a group of five separate bills as an omnibus bill which became known as the Compromise of 1850. Clays proposed legislation would admit California as a free state; allow New Mexico to decide whether it wanted to be a free state or slave state; enact a strong federal fugitive slave law, and preserve slavery in the District of Columbia. Clay tried to get the Congress to consider the issues in one general bill, but couldnt get the votes to pass it. Senator Stephen Douglas became involved and essentially took the bill apart into its separate components and was able to get each bill through Congress. Components of the Compromise of 1850 The final version of the Compromise of 1850 had five major components: California was admitted as a free state.Territories of New Mexico and Utah were given the option of legalizing slavery.The border between Texas and New Mexico was fixed.A stronger fugitive slave law was enacted.The slave trade was abolished in the District of Columbia, though slavery remained legal. Importance of the Compromise of 1850 The Compromise of 1850 did accomplish what was intended at the time, as it held the Union together. But it was bound to be a temporary solution. One particular part of the compromise, the stronger Fugitive Slave Act, was almost immediately a cause of great controversy. The bill intensified the hunting of slaves who had made it to free territory. And it led, for example, to the Christiana Riot, an incident in rural Pennsylvania in September 1851 in which a Maryland farmer was killed while trying to apprehend slaves who had escaped from his estate. Disassembling the Compromise The Kansas-Nebraska Act, legislation guided through Congress by Senator Stephen Douglas only four years later, would prove even more controversial. Provisions in the Kansas-Nebraska Act were widely disliked as they repealed the venerable Missouri Compromise. The new legislation led to violence in Kansas, which was dubbed Bleeding Kansas by the legendary newspaper editor Horace Greeley. The Kansas-Nebraska Act also inspired Abraham Lincoln to become involved in politics again, and his debates with Stephen Douglas in 1858 set the stage for his run for the White House. And, of course, the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860 would inflame passions in the South and lead to the secession crisis and the American Civil War. The Compromise of 1850 may have delayed the splitting of the Union many Americans feared, but it couldnt prevent it forever. Sources and Further Reading Ashworth, John. Slavery, Capitalism, and Politics in the Antebellum Republic: Volume 1 Commerce and Compromise, 1820–1850. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.Hamilton, Holman. Prologue to Conflict: The Crisis and Compromise of 1850. Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky, 2005.Waugh, John C. On the Brink of Civil War: The Compromise of 1850 and how it Changed the Course of American History. Books on the Civil War Era 13. Wilmington, Delaware: Scholarly Resources Inc., 2003.

Read a source and write Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Read a source and write - Essay Example Yoga is originally from Hindu, India from early 5000-1000 B.C. The word of yoga, from the Sanskrit yui, has been interpreted as meaning to yoke or join with the divine. The early description of yoga describes it as a set of mental and physical exercises. There are appears to be a strong structural link between early forms of yoga and meditation as a means of achieving unity with a sort of transcendental consciousness. Still, some interpreters claim that yoga is a universal practice, and emphasize that yoga pre-dates Hinduism. Indeed, yoga has become important in many emerging and multifaceted religious traditions (75). Yoga arrived in America in 1805, and it developed fast. Yoga won over the American audience, and quickly became widely popular. With the advancing popularity of yoga in the United States it was not long before hybrid forms of the practice emerged. In a religious context one of the most significant hybrid forms of yoga was Christianity Yoga. Brooke Boon created Christi anity Yoga after attending traditional yoga classes and feeling alienated by what she believed was the subtle Hindu dialectic. For instance, Boon rejected phrases such as ‘achieving oneness with the universe’. Believing that such perspectives were antithetical to Christian doctrine, Boon innovated a form of yoga solely reliant on Christian themes and terminology. Indeed, Boon’s Yoga classes look a lot like traditional Yoga-using many of the same poses, breath control, and meditation practices-but replacing the more obvious Hindu references with Christian language and music, Bible meditation, and frequent references to Jesus (74). That is the difference between the traditional yoga and Christianity Yoga. Many people in the United States are Christian, so people use Christian Yoga as a religious practice. Christianity Yoga is more focused on knowledge than the real physical practice. Ultimately, it seems that the crucial differentiation between

An improvement Approach to Quality Education In the United States of Research Proposal

An improvement Approach to Quality Education In the United States of America - Research Proposal Example This essay declares that the common aim of the entire US educational system must be established as the Deming philosophy applied to education suggests that each school in its educational setting is a component of the whole educational system in America and each school is obligated to accomplish the overall aim of the system, rather than focusing exclusively on maximizing its own performance. Otherwise, the effort among schools will be fragmented and the system will be sub-optimized; each and every school must exist to accomplish the common aim – to educate students to be equal American citizens, equal not only in political or social rights but also in educationally determined abilities to be both self-supporting and contributing American citizens. This paper makes a conclusion that the Japanese system did not develop without drawbacks or flaws that have had to be eliminated as the country became able to afford the solutions economically. Nevertheless, the emphasis on co-operation at all levels, a necessity within environments having extremely scarce resources, has contributed tremendously to raising the educational standard of the entire population in Japan. Perhaps for the first time in American experience, resources are becoming scarce and encouraging individuality and competition is incompatible with providing quality education at minimum cost; we must re-evaluate co-operation as a most efficient and cost effective approach to providing quality education equally to all students in American state schools.

Home Inspection Case Study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Home Inspection Case Study - Assignment Example This created a market opportunity to the sellers and filling it one had to do it in a manner that the consumers’ needs, preferences and wants are attended to their satisfaction. Furthermore Lack of professionalism was a problem to the industry because no one viewed any of the inspections firms to being very qualified or professional as argued Ramesh (59). With this the market opportunity availed itself to Doug for him to fill the gap thus come with a solution to the problem through his services and product. Additionally there was the need to deliver on any promise made to prospective customers. These two aspired to attain their mission and objective of their business in that they would offer the best services to the consumers both at a professional level and technical approach to the satisfaction of their customers. They also wanted their business to accomplish the needs and want of the customers that coming up with a brand name that the buyers associate with easy and simple to identify with. Doug and Mary wished that their consumers would have a good perception on their service where professionalism and trustworthy is an essential matter that is always put into consideration to appoint of them doing research on how other inspection firms do their work and Doug enrolling for an 8 week course on home inspection to acquire skills thus make him professional ascertain to the industry thus boasting professionalism problem in the business. There are two targeted audience in this case study, first the primary audience who are the real estate agents who will actual need the service as first hand customers due the functional and emotional need they have for the services. The functional need is the purpose of the service in this case is what Doug and Mary has to offer them in terms of services which must be tangible and visible while the emotional need is the intangibles need, where the customers can actually trust and

Comparison and contrast between lasagna and a pizza Essay

Comparison and contrast between lasagna and a pizza - Essay Example Lasagna and pizza are two of the most popular foods made traditionally in oven. While there are other ways to make both lasagna and pizza that obviate the use of oven, yet the best results are achieved only with the use of oven. Although they are lasagna has many layers while pizza has only one layer unless there is a special kind of pizza. Layers of lasagna are repetitive. The basic form of lasagna has tomato sauce at the base of the dish over which lasagna strips are laid. They serve as a bed for the meat over which white sauce is drizzled. These layers are repeated till almost the top of the dish is reached. Lastly, grated cheese is laid on the top. On the other hand, a pizza is not made with such repetitive layers of ingredients. In the case of a pizza, there is a base that is known as crust. The sauce is poured over the base, and different sorts of toppings are laid over it. Like lasagna, a pizza is also topped with cheese. The purpose of cheese on the top both in the case of a lasagna and a pizza is to develop a thick and crunchy crust after the dish is grilled. The fundamental element that differentiates between lasagna and pizza is the basic white flour bread. The thickness of that base, its texture, and taste greatly differs when the two dishes are compared. While lasagna strips are only few millimeters in thickness i.e. normally 5 mm each, pizza crust is anywhere from 1 to 2 cm. The thickness of lasagna strips is mostly standard and varies only by 1 or 2 mm., there exists a great variety of thicknesses of pizza crust e.g. there are thin-crust pizzas and thick-crust pizzas. Most people use factory made lasagna strips because the machine used in making that uniform thickness is not used in most homes. In contrast to that, most people make pizza crusts at home by kneading white flour with yeast. Lasagne strips and pizza base also differ in that lasagna strips are cooked once they are boiled before the dish is placed in the oven whereas pizza crust is raw outside and only gets baked once the pizza has been placed inside the oven. On one hand , lasagne strips are like compact sheets of white flour and have no pores in them. On the other hand, pizza

Data Warehousing and Mining Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Data Warehousing and Mining - Essay Example This paper will discuss the concept of data mining in detail. This paper will discuss the main aspects, techniques and algorithms of data mining. This paper will also assess the market applications of data mining. DATA MINING Data mining is a technique which is used to evaluate business or corporate data from a target source and after that turn that data into valuable and useful information. This corporate information is normally employed to facilitate a business to raise profits, reduce cut expenditure in specific business areas. Moreover, the main purpose of data mining applications is to recognize and take-out similar business configuration enclosed in a given set of corporate data (Bradford, 2011). IMPORTANT DATA MINING TECHNIQUES This section outlines some of the prime and important data mining techniques. Some of the main techniques are presented below: Neural Networks/Pattern Recognition Neural Networks are utilized in a blackbox style. In this technique, an individual produce s a set of data for testing purpose, which allows the neural network to find out patterns based on the identified results, then for these data permits the neural network imprecise on massive amounts of data provided. ... Memory Based Reasoning This technique can offer same results which can be achieved from neural network however the working of this technique is different from neural networks. In addition, the memory based reasoning searches for "closely related" type of data, rather than considering similar working patterns (Chicago Business Intelligence Group, 2011) and (Han & Kamber, 2006). Cluster Detection This is a standard technique of data mining which is used to assess the relationship between market and business transaction data because it discovers associations from data patterns. Mainly, this method discovers associations in clients or product or anywhere we desire to discover interaction in data (Chicago Business Intelligence Group, 2011) and (Han & Kamber, 2006). Link Analysis This is another method for relating similar business records. However, this method is not utilized extensively; on the other hand, a number of methods and software applications have been built on the basis of this technique. Since its name states, this technique attempts to discover associations, either in dealings, various products, consumers, etc. as well as reveals those associations (Chicago Business Intelligence Group, 2011) and (Han & Kamber, 2006). Visualization This method of data mining facilitates the users to recognize their data. In this scenario, visualization is used to create the association from text established to visual/graphical arrangement. In addition, various other techniques such as rule, decision tree, pattern visualization and cluster facilitate users to observe data associations rather than reading the associations. Moreover, a lot of powerful data mining systems have taken effective actions for enhancing their

Critical Review of the Literature of the role that Dietary Factors Play in Preventing Type 2 Diabetes Essay Example for Free

Critical Review of the Literature of the role that Dietary Factors Play in Preventing Type 2 Diabetes Essay Critical Review of the Literature of the role that Dietary Factors Play in Preventing Type 2 Diabetes’ Introduction Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a rapidly growing international public health issue. It has been reported that 285 million 20–79 year olds had the disease in 2010 worldwide and this is estimated to grow to 439 million by 2030. (19) T2D has been associated with a variety of other health problems such as cardiovascular disease, blindness and shortened life expectancy. (4,40) The prevalence of the disease is associated with obesity and overweight as well as a ‘Western’ dietary pattern and lack of exercise. (17) It has been reported that approximately 80% of people who develop T2D are obese or overweight prior to diagnosis.(8) Diabetes is a preventable disease, (19) with weight loss being identified as one of the most powerful interventions. (4) Diet and physical activity (PA) are effective interventions in attaining this (25) and have also been linked with reduction in risk independently. (40) The primary focus of this paper will look at diet and review the evidence on whether diet alone can help to prevent T2D. As a secondary theme it will also look at the evidence that diet can help to prevent the development of and help to control symptoms after T2D has been diagnosed. 8 papers will reviewed, (26-33) with a purpose of identifying some practical, evidence based dietary guidelines. Dietary guidelines are easier to follow when they indicate specific foods and patterns rather than nutrients and properties of foods and greater compliance can be achieved . (29,31) For this reason the studies reviewed focus on specific foods and diet styles rather than macronutrients and or micronutrients which do not translate into dietary guidelines as easily. Literature Search A literature review using the following databases was carried out; Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, British Nursing Index and Medline. The following keywords were used in various combinations; Diet, prevention, food, T2D, interventions, dietary, fruit, vegetables, nutrition. Other resources such as ‘Google scholar’ and NHS Choices ‘behind the headlines’ were also utilised. Because T2D is an international issue, papers from around the world were considered. The criteria for inclusion was less than 10 years old, the intervention had to be a specific food group or diet style, measuring new incidents of T2D, or changes is symptoms associated with T2D and adults as the sample group. Diet as a tool to prevent T2D 6 Studies looked at whether diet can prevent T2D. Please refer to Table 1 for details of all the studies. Villegas et al (26) and Bazzano et al (27) looked at fruit, vegetable and fruit juices consumption and fruit and vegetable consumption respectively. Both of the studies used women only in their sample groups, limiting the generalizability of the findings to the wider population. (5) Dietary assessment was achieved through Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) in both studies. Villegas et al (26) provided evidence of their FFQ having been validated, (21) however reported using it only 3 times within a 4.6 year timeframe, questioning the accuracy of their collected data. Bazzano et al (27) data collection was retrospective in that the FFQ was designed in 1984 and followed up at 4 year intervals. The concern with such a dated questionnaire is that it has not accounted for different trends that have occurred over time, affecting the accuracy of the results. Villegas et al (26) confirmed incidence of T2D through subjects meeting the criteria set out by the American Diabetic Association.(2) Bazzano et al (27) used criteria set out by National Diabetes Data Group for all participants up to and including 1997.(16) The Criteria for participants after 1998 was set out by the American Diabetic Association. The reason for this was due to new criteria being published at this time. (2) The main difference being the plasma glucose reading changing from 7.8mmol/l or more to 7.0mmol/l or more. (9) The Criteria Set out by the World Health Organisation in 1985, (24) could have been used to confirm incidence of T2D in the Bazzano et al (27) study . It was published 1 year after baseline data was taken and would have resulted in a higher percentage of participants being diagnosed with the same criteria, increasing consistency and reliability in the results. Villegas et al (26) reported that a higher consumption of vegetables was associated with a reduced risk of T2D. Participants who had a higher vegetable intake were also less likely to smoke and have higher levels of PA, both factors that can reduce the risk of T2D questioning the causality of the reduction in risk. (4) Participants with a higher fruit intake were also less likely to smoke and have higher levels of PA. There was no association made between fruit intake and risk of T2D therefore it is possible to consider that confounders like PA and smoking may not have effected the level of risk to T2D in this study. Bazzano et al (27) reported an inverse association between whole fruit and green leafy vegetable intake. Women who had a higher intake of fruit and vegetables were older, less likely to smoke and more likely to have higher levels of PA. Fruit Juice was positively associated with incidence of T2D which could be due to high sugar content.. (22) Also participants who had the highest fruit juice intake had the lowest levels of PA which is associated with increased risk of T2D. (20)Salas-Salvado et al (28) and Martinez-Gonzalez et al (29) both studied the risk of T2D and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet). A MedDiet is characterised by high consumption of fruit, vegetables, whole grains, olive oil, nuts, pulses, fish and reduced consumption of red and processed meats, high fat dairy refined gains and foods high in sugar and starch. (11) Salas-Salvado et al (28) compared adherence to a MedDiet supplemented with either olive oil or nuts with a low fat diet (control group). The supplemented items in the MedDiets were given to participants. Participants in the control group were given non dietary gifts to encourage adherence. There are concerns about the ethics of using incentives and gifts in research. (6)Within this study the use of gifts appears innocuous, the concern lies with how adherence to the diet is reliably measured. When participants are given vital ingredients, this will influence their dietary intake, making it difficult generalize the results. (13) The sample population in this study were older and had at least 3 risk factors relating to cardiovascular disease again making it more difficult to generalise results. Participants were given 7 goals, including;  increasing vegetable and fruit consumption, reducing red and processed meat and increasing the consumption of either olive oils or nuts. The control group were asked to reduce all types of fat. Results showed that participants in the MedDiet groups had a greater reduced risk of T2D. Risk was reduced by 51% in the olive oil group and 52% in the nut group. These findings are backed up by other studies. (38-39) Diabetes incidence was lower in those who attained ≠¥ 4 of the 7 goals. PA levels and changes in weight did not differ through all 3 groups, although the participants in the both the MedDiet groups were associated with higher levels of PA. This study was carried out on Spanish participants, who traditionally follow a MedDiet. The control group may have had a strong adherence to a MedDiet naturally, which could impact on the reliability of the results. Martinez-Gonzalez et al (29) used participants who were nurses and university graduates. Prevalence in T2D is associated with lower socioeconomic status, (1) so by using the participants from a higher socioeconomic group may bias the findings. (13) Participants were not excluded if they had Diabetes at baseline. Data was collected via FFQ which consisted of 136 items with 9 responses ranging from never to more than 6 times a day. Points were allocated to determine a score indicating level of adherence. Questions covered areas such as cooking methods, supplements and fats and oils. This FFQ goes into a lot of detail to obtain the most information it can about participants diets, increasing the validity of the data. However reliability is compromised as participants are asked to recall food intake from the previous year decreasing the accuracy of data collected. (5) The results indicated a significant reduction in risk of developing T2D in those who with strong adherence to the MedDiet after adjustment for age and sex. Participants with a score of ≠¥ 6 had an 83% reduction. Although participants in this group had the highest levels of physical activity, which is a known factor in decreasing the risk of T2D, they also had a higher baseline prevalence for increased risk factors for Diabetes such as age higher BMI and higher blood pressure. This adds weight to the findings the MedDiet can reduce the risk of developing T2D. Fung et al (30) and VanDam et al (31) looked at more generalised dietary  patterns. VanDam et al (31) used a 131 item FFQ specifying specific foods, portion sizes and frequency of intake. Over a space of 12 years data on food intake was collected 3 times. In order to make these results more reliable data collection should have occurred more frequently. The participants were all male health professionals making the sample group quite specific reducing the ability to generalise the findings to the wider population. (13) Foods were classified into groups based on nutritional profiles. Factor analysis was then applied in order to identify food patterns. Two dietary patterns were identified Prudent and Western. Prudent was characterised by high consumption of vegetables, fish and whole grains and Western by high consumption of red and processed meat, high-fat dairy and eggs. Men with higher Western patterns were younger, more likely to smoke and did less PA. Men with higher Prudent diet patterns were older less likely to smoke and engaged in more PA. The Prudent diet was associated with a modest reduction in risk in developing T2D with wholegrain foods having the highest inverse association. Fruit and vegetables were not considerably associated with reduced risk. The Western diet was associated with considerably higher risk of developing T2D. Processed meat, other processed foods and refined grains indicating the most significant association. This could indicate that cutting out specific foods could me more beneficial in reducing the risk of T2D than increasing intake of other foods. Fung et al (30) used participants from the Nurses Health Study which was established in 1976. This is the same study from which Bazzano et al (27) took their participants. The same FFQ was used in this study with baseline also being the 1984 FFQ as this was the expanded 116 item version. The information obtained was then used and classified in the same way as the VanDam et al (31) study producing the same Prudent and Western dietary patterns. The results from this study focus mainly on the Western diet pattern. Similarly to the men in the VanDam et al (31) study, women who scored high in the Western diet pattern were more likely to smoke. The results also mirrored that of the VanDam et al (31) study in that it reported an increased risk of developing T2D and a Western diet pattern. This study investigated the characteristics of the Western dietary pattern further and found positive associations between red and processed meats and  the development of T2D. This could also add weight to the previous comment that cutting out specific foods, such as red and processed meats could be more beneficial than adding other food groups in preventing T2D. A replica study using the same FFQ and Prudent and Western diet pattern and using a sample group that consisted of both men and women could add strength to the finds of both of these studies.(5) Diet as a tool in preventing the development of and giving greater control over the symptoms of T2D Elhayany et al (32) compared a low carbohydrate Mediterranean diet (LCM) a traditional Mediterranean diet (TM) and the 2003 American Diabetic Association diet (ADA) on health parameters. Glycemic control for people with T2D diagnosis was one of the outcome measures. Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 groups, given recommendations for daily intake on nutritional elements such as calories and protein and advised to engage in 30-45 minutes of PA a week. The LCM and TM diets included only low glycemic index carbohydrates, with LCM having a lower %. The TM and ADA diets had the same % of carbohydrates but the ADA also included mixed glycemic index carbohydrates. FFQ were used asking the participants to recall the last 24hour food intake. It is felt this data will be more accurate than those studies asking participants to recall food intake from the previous year, making results more reliable. Data was collected 3 times over a 12 month period. Results showed all groups had reduced weight and BMI with no significant difference. All 3 dietary interventions reduced factors that increase glycemic control such as HbA1c and triglyceride levels. The LCM diet was the most effective in increasing glycemic control. Esposito et al (33) compared a LCM and a low fat calorie restricted diet (LFD) on glycemic control and the delay on needing to commence antihyperglycemic medication in people newly diagnosed with T2D. The LCM diet was rich in fruit vegetables and whole grains and low in red meat. There was also a requirement that no more than 50% of calories was from  carbohydrates. Complex carbohydrates rather than low GI carbohydrates were stipulated. Some complex carbohydrates can have high GI levels, which are associated with increased risk of Diabetes. (10) The LFD was based on American Heart Association guidelines. (12) Participants were randomized into 1 of 2 groups asked to keep food diaries and given guidelines on increasing physical activity. Data was collected through reviews of the diary. Food diaries could provide more reliable information than FFQ if they are filled out daily. There is still a risk that they could be filled out inaccurately, and that participants may modifies their intake as a result of keeping a diary. The study reported that both groups lost weight, but reduction was greater in the LCM. Overall there was a significant difference in the need to commence antihyperglycemic medication between the LCM and the LFD; 44% and 70% respectively. Potentially this result could have shown more significance if low GI carbohydrates were stipulated instead of complex carbohydrates. Discussion The findings coming out of this review indicate that certain dietary interventions maybe helpful in reducing the risk of developing T2D and may also help with glycemic control after diagnosis.(26-33) Some food groups and dietary patterns provide more consistent evidence than others. The results regarding fruit intake and risk of T2D are inconsistent within this review with Villegas et al (26) reporting no association between fruit and risk reduction, where as Bazzano et al (27) did. High consumption of fruit and vegetables are a major component in the Mediterranean diet and the Prudent dietary pattern, both of which were associated with an inverse association. Vegetables are more consistently associated with a reduced risk, in this review and a recent meta-analysis, (3) particularly green leafy vegetables. (27) More research studying the effects of fruit and vegetables separately is needed. This inconsistency is reflected in other studies and systematic reviews. (7) High intake of fr uit and vegetables has often been associated with higher PA levels within this review, (26-29,31) which is a risk reducing factor in itself. Part of the problem could be that many studies that look at dietary interventions are prospective cohort studies and  although they can provide an association they can not prove whether the cause is due to the dietary item or another factor such as PA or weight loss. More experimental designed research is needed so that a direct cause between diet and the reduction of T2D can be established. (13) While it is unclear the exact role that fruit and vegetables play in reducing the risk of T2D there is an abundance of evidence that a diet rich in fruit and vegetables is beneficial in overall health (34-35) and weight reduction, (23) so including them as part of a healthy diet may indirectly help to reduce the risk of T2D. Red and processed meat has been more consistent in its positive association to developing T2D. Fung et al (28) and VanDam et al (29) found strong associations between consumption and increased risk of T2D. One of the characteristics of The Mediterranean diet is the absence or reduction of red and processed meats, and this diet has been associated with reduced risk. These findings were backed up in a recent meta-analysis paper (18) studying 3 cohorts whos conclusion suggests that red meat consumption, particularly processed red meat is linked to higher risk of developing T2D. Meta-analysis produces level 1 evidence, providing increased confidence in the conclusions and good grounding for providing evidence based information such as dietary guidelines.(13) Diets high in red and processed meats are linked to high cholesterol (14) which is one of the leading causes of death in people with T2D (15) and other serious health conditions such as cancer and cardiovascular disease. (36) So while increasing fruit and vegetable intake may have a more beneficial and holistic effect on health, the same could be said for reducing the intake of red and processed. Salas-Salvado et al (28) produced higher level evidence being a randomised control trial giving more weight to their findings;(5) following a MedDiet can reduce the risk of T2D. One of the studies that looked at the effect of diet after diagnosis, (32) was also a randomised control trial providing the same level of evidence and weight to their findings that LCM can delay the need for hyperglycaemic medication therefore having a positive beneficial effect on T2D. Although these two studies looked at the effect of diet after diagnosis it could be reasonable to suggest that following the dietary  patterns associated with these findings, prior to diagnosis could help prevent T2D as they are similar dietary patterns to two of the other studies.(28-29) While the findings from this review indicate that making changes to ones diet may help to reduce the risk of Diabetes occurring, it also suggests that implementing the same kind of dietary changes may help with glucose control after Diabetes has been diagnosed, preventing the further development of the disease and the need for antihyperglycemic medication. (32-33) One study has implied that dietary changes in the form of energy restriction can actually reverse beta cell failure and insulin resistance, symptoms found in T2D. (37) It is a very small study and the dietary intervention is severe energy restriction making it difficult to generalise to the wider population, but it is a controlled study and could provide interesting findings that further research could be built upon, that dietary interventions may be able to reverse the symptoms of T2D. Collating this information together it seems reasonable to suggest that making positive changes to dietary habits could have benefits pre and post T2D diagnosis. Dietary Guidelines The findings from the 8 studies in this review can not all be discussed in detail due to word limitation. However recurring themes seem to be occurring, providing information on which to base a set of guidelines. Going by these findings the following guidelines are recommended: Reduce intake of red meat and processed meat (all colours) Substitute these with white meats and fish Reduce intake of other processed foods Reduce intake of refined grains Reduce intake of high sugar foods and drinks including fruit juices Carbohydrate intake should be based on items with a low GI score Increase intake of olive oil Increase nut intake Increase intake of pulses Increase wholegrain intake Increase vegetable intake especially green leafy vegetables Increase fruit intake A Mediterranean style diet is characterised by much of this advise and is therefore a recommended diet style to follow. Conclusion The prevalence of T2D is growing around the world. It has been associated with many other health problems and reduces quality of life and life expectancy. It is a preventable disease and diet is one of the ways in which this disease can be combated. Dietary guidelines have been recommended from the findings of this review, based on following a Mediterranean diet, reducing intake of red and processed meats and other processed foods and increasing intake of foods such as fruit and vegetables, wholegrains and olive oils and nuts. While it has been acknowledged that more research needs to be carried out to further examine the cause and effect between diet and T2D, it is reasonable to suggest that one may find these dietary changes beneficial in helping to reduce the risk of T2D and other areas of health, possibly helping to indirectly reduce risk of T2D. It is also reasonable to suggest that a change in diet may bring beneficial changes once diagnosis has been given. Table 1 Reference list 1. Agardh E, Allenbeck P, Hallqvist J, Moadi T and Sidorchuk A. Type 2 Diabetes and Socioeconomic Position: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. International Journal of Epidemiology. 2011: 40(3) 804-818 2. American Diabetic Association Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2000: 23(1s) 3. Carter P, Gray LJ, Troughton J, Khunti K, and Davies M. Fruit and vegetable intake and incidence of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. British Medical Journal. 2010: 341:c4229 4. Davis MJ, Tringham JR, Troughton J, Kunit KK. Prevention of T2D mellitus. A review of the Evidence and its Application in a UK Setting. Diabetic Medicine. 2004: 21: 403-414 5. Gerrish K and Lacey A. The Research Process in Nursing. 2006 5th Edition. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. 6. Grant RW and Sugarman J. Ethics in Human Subjects Research: Do Incentives Matter? Journal of Medicine and Philosophy. 2004: 29(6) 717-738 7. Hamer M, Chida Y. Intake of Fruit and Vegetables and Antioxidants and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Journal of Hypertension. 2007: 25:2361-2369 8. Hensrud DD. Dietary Treatment and Long-term Weight Loss and Maintenance in T2D. Obesity Research. 2001:9(4 supplement):348S-353S 9. Hickner RC, Brunson MA, McCammon M, Mahar MT, Garry JP, Houmard JA. Diabetic Groups as Defined by ADA and NDDG Criteria have a Similar Aerobic Capacity, Blood Pressure and Body Composition. American Diabetes Association and National Diabetes Data Group. Diabetologica. 2001: Jan 44(1) 26-32 10. Hodge AM, ODea K, English DR, and Giles GG. Glycemic Index and Dietary Fibre and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004: 27(11) 2701-2706 11. Kastorini MC, Milionis HJ, Esposito K, Giugliano D, Goudevenos JA,Panagiotakos. The Effect of Mediterranean Diet on Metabolic Syndrome and its Components. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2011: 57(11) 1299-1313 12. Krauss RM, Eckle RH, Howard B, Appel LJ, Daniels SR, and Deckelbaum RJ. AHA Dietary Guidelines: Revision 2000: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals from the Nutrition Committee of the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2002: 102:2284-99 13. LoBiondo-Wood G. and Haber J. Nursing Research. Methods and Critical Appraisal for Evidence Based Practice. 2006: 6th Edition. Mosby: Missouri 14. Micha R, Wallace SK, and Mozaffarian MD. Epidemiology and Prevention. Red and Processed Meat Consumption and Risk of Incident Coronary Heart Disease, Stroke and Diabetes Mellitus. A systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. American Heart Association. 2010: 121 2271-2283 15. Heart Disease and Stroke: The Nations leading Killers. At a Glance National Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Division for Heart Disease and Stroke prevention. 2011: CS217229-AI 16. National Diabetes Data Group Classifications and Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus and Other Categories of Glucose Intolerance. Diabetes. 1979: 28 1039-1057 17. Neild L, Summerbell CD, Hooper L, Whittaker V, Moore H. Dietary Advice for the Prevention of T2D Mellitus in Adults (Review) The Cochrane Collaboration. 2008: Wiley 18. Pan A, Sun Q, Bernstein AM, Schulze MB, Manson JE, Willett WC and Hu FB. Red Meat Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: 3 Cohorts of US Adults and an Updated Meta-analysis. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2011: 94(4) 1088-1096 19. Shaw JE, Sicree RA, Zimmet PZ. Global Estimates of the Prevalence of Diabetes for 2010 and 2030. Diabetes Research in Clinical Practice. 2010:87:4-14 20. Sigal RJ, Kenny GP, Wasserman DH, Castaneda-Sceppa C and White RD. Physical Activity/Exercise and Type 2 Diabetes. A Consensus Statement from the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2006: 29(6) 1433-1438 21. Shu XO, Yang G, Jin F, Liu D, Kushi L, Wen W, Gao YT, Zheng W. Validity and Reproducibility of the Food Frequency Questionnaire Used in the Shanghai Women’s Health Study. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2004:58:17–23 22. Shulze MB, Manson JE, Ludwig DS, Colditz GA, Stampfer MD, Willet WC, and Hu FB. Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, Weight Gain, and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Young and Middle-Aged Women. The Journal of the American Medical Association. 2004: 292(8):927-934 23. Tohill B, Seymour J, Serdula M, Kettle-Khan L, and Rolls BJ. What Epidemiological Studies Tell Us about the Relationship between Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Body Weight. Nutrition Reviews. 2004: 365 -374 24. WHO Study Group on Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Mellitus: Report of a WHO Study Group. Geneva: World Health Organisation: 1985 25. NICE Public Health Guidance. Preventing Type 2 Diabetes: Population and Community Interventions. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. 2011: Issue 35 26. Villagers R, Shu OX, Gao YT, Yang G, Elasy T, Li H and Zheng W. Vegetable but Not Fruit Consumption Reduces the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Chinese Women. The Journal of Nutrition. 2008: 138 574-580 27. Bazzano LA, Kamudi JJ, Hu FB, and Li TY. Intake of Fruit, Vegetables and Fruit Juices and Risk of Diabetes in Women. Diabetes Care. 2008: 31(7) 1311-1317 28. Salas-Salvado J, Bullo M, Babio N, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Jurado NI, Basora J, Estruch R, Covas MI, Corella D, Aros F, Gutierrez VR, and Ros E. Reduction in the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes With the Mediterranean Diet. Diabetes Care. 2011. 34:14-19 29. Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Fuente-Arrillaga CDL, Nunez-Cordoba JM, Basterra-Gotari FJ, Beunza JJ, Vazquez Z, Benito S, Tortosa A and Bes-Rasrollo M. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Developing Diabetes: Prospective Cohort Study. British Medical Journal. 2008: 336:1351 30. Fung TT, Schulze M, Manson JE, Willet WC, and Hu FB. Dietary Patterns, Meat Intake and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Women. Archives of International Medicine. 2004:164:2235-2240 31. VanDam RM, Rimm EB, Willet WC, Stampfer MJ and Hu FB. Dietary Patterns and Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in US Men. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2002:136: 201-209 32. Elhayany A, Lustman A, Abel R, Attal-Singer J and Vinker S. A Low Carborhydrate Mediterranean Diet Improves Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Diabetes Control Among Overweight Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A 1-year Prospective randomized intervention Study. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism. 2010: 12:204-209 33. Esposito K, Maiorino IM, Ciotola M, Palo CD, Scognamiglio P, Gicchino M, Petrizzo M, Saccomanno F, Beneduce F, Ceriello A and Guigliano D. Effects of a Mediterranean-Style Diet on the Need for Antihyperglycemic Drug Therapy in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2009: 151: 306-314 34. Van Duyn MAS and Pivonka E. Over view of the health benefits of fruit and vegetable consumption for the Dietetics Professional. Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 2000: 100(12) 1511-1521 35. Anderdson JW, Baird P, Davis RH, Ferreri S, Knudtson M,Koraym A, Waters V,and Williams CL. Health Benefits of Dietary Fibre. Nutrition Reviews. 2009: 67(4) 188-205 36. Sinha R, Cross AJ, Graubaed BI, Leitzmann MF, and Schatzin A. Meat Intake and Mortality. A Prospective Study of Over Half a Million People. Archives of Internal Medicine. 2009 169(6) 562-571 37. Lim EL, Hollingsworth KG, Aribisala BS, Chen MJ, Mathers JC and Taylor R. Reversal of type 2 Diabetes: Normalisation of Beta Cell Function in Association with Decreased Pancreas and Liver Triacylglycerol. Diabetologica. 2011: 54:2506-2514 38. Jiang R, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, Liu S, Willet WC, Hu FB. Nut and Peanut Butter Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Women. Journal of the American Medical Association. 2002: 28(20) 2554-2560 39. Riserus U, Willet WC, and Hu FB. Dietary Fats and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes. Progress in Lipid Research. 2009: 48(1)44-51 40. 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The Principles Of Lying

The Principles Of Lying Immanuel Kant, German philosopher, said that lying was always morally wrong. To tell a lie contradicts the part of oneself that gives them moral worth. To receive a lie takes away a persons free choice to decide other than what they would have had they known the truth. The two reasons lying is morally wrong, according to Kant, is lying contradicts the part of me that gives me moral worth and lying robs others of their freedom to choose rationally. Virtue ethicists believe that lying is wrong. Virtues are desirable qualities of a person that makes them act in certain ways. Virtue ethics focus on what a person should be. Lying is wrong because it opposes honesty. If a lie is told in the pursuit of another virtue is it right or wrong? As long as the lie is a step toward being the best person we can be it is acceptable. If it is a step away it is morally wrong. Utilitarian ethics is the balancing of the benefits and harms of lying. The belief is it is morally acceptable to lie if the consequences maximize benefits and minimize harm. In fact it would be immoral not to lie if lying is necessary to maximize the benefits or minimize the harm. The reasoning is logical but the application is flawed. To estimate the consequences of the lie a person must be able to evaluate the degree of the benefit as it is viewed within the standard of the person or group of people being lied to. The same is also true in evaluating the harm of a lie. By the liar standards, the harm may be small such as telling someone they had a fifty percent chance of recovery when in fact they were dying in less than six months. The thought being to let the person enjoy life and not worry of their impending doom. The result being a will wasnt made, people were not given time to say their goodbyes, and life was not enjoyed because they thought there would be more time to do it. Surveys could be taken on how people in general would respond to a certain lie, but unless it resulted in 100% certainty you would not know which way the recipient of the lie would fall. There are three classifications of lies: beneficial lies, spiteful lies, and neutral lies. A beneficial lie can be told to be kind in the attempt to avoid hurting someones feelings. How do I look? Ive seen you look better. Is that what youre really going to wear? You look terrible. The truth can hurt. The little white lie, You look great. Does it matter to you, the liar, no you are on your way. The person being lied to is happy. So no harm, or is there. Every lie there is harm whether intentional or not. If you in fact knew the person being lied to looked bad and still let him/her go out and they were ridiculed for their appearance it will come back to you that you lied. Will your judgment be used again? Children are lied to about death. Your cat ran away. Grandpa went to heaven to be with God. Someday the truth will have to be told but by that time they will already know that you lie. Spiteful lies mean that you gain something while hurting someone else. A spiteful lie can be a rumor started to hurt someone, usually a rival in politics or a rival for the affections of someone you love. An example of a spiteful lie is, I saw your husband having lunch with his old girlfriend. The gain in this is the joy in causing the pain. The neutral lie is the most common lie of all. It is a lie that neither avoids causing hurt nor causes hurt. If youre not good Santa will put coal in your stocking. Put your tooth under your pill and the tooth fairy will leave you money. Similarly, people use a neutral lie to avoid a question, or lead away from private information. Most parents use this type of lie in particular to try and stray children away from investigating the truth. Mom, where do babies come from? Well, a baby comes from the stork, and drops them off at the house. Magicians and illusionist fall into this category. An avoidance of truth is also a form of lying. When a person says they never lie what they are really saying is that they do not actively engage in spiteful lies. When someone doesnt know the answer and says what they think. This falls under this classification of lying. You dont mean to lie, because you dont gain or you dont hurt anyone. It is still considered lying because you arent telling the trut h, but are unaware of it. People for years have been putting falsifications on their rà ©sumà ©s to make it look appealing, and to create a sense that they are perfect for the job. Ethically it is fine to do so as long as you keep it to only one or two lies on it and you keep to a low level. By low level meaning you cant falsify years at college or years in a job you have never obtained. In one example of a woman, Janet Cooke, lied to get onto the Washington Post team. She did plenty of lying to get to the Washington Post, falsifying where she graduated college, the degree she got, the languages she could speak, and writing awards she received. Not long after her hiring into the Washington Post she quickly was looking for an 8-year-old heroin addict. When she came up dry and couldnt locate the young man. It dawned on me that I could simply make it all up. I just sat down and wrote it. (Kidwell, 178) After being found out she was a fraud, she quickly resigned from her dream job at the Washington Post. Lying is it good or bad? It all depends on the person being lied to. Telling a little white lie to a child is seen as good to maintain their innocence. You could just tell a menacing and just plain evil lie to get back at someone or to make someone feel bad. Lying, ethically, is actually accepted in most places, but it can also be frowned upon strongly. It all depends on who it is being lied to and to what extent you are lying to.

Progress and Necessity :: Essays Papers

Progress and Necessity That theater has undergone many changes since its early incarnation in ancient Greece is a fact obvious even to the casual observer. And it is likewise clear that, as the cultural and social structure of the world shifts and changes over time, it is appropriate that its art forms change as well, in order to address appropriately the new reality in which they exist. However, perhaps not too unexpectedly, there are those who reject our modern manifestation of theater as insincere or false -- indeed, as there are in every time those who contest the latest evolutions of all types of art. Chief among those who disapprove of the theater of their own (and, in fact, nearly all) time is Friedrich Nietzsche, a philosopher who seems to have made his reputation largely by being gloomy and arrogant. It should not be surprising to us that a man who had little good to say about anything (other than himself and the things he liked) would criticize the greater portion of the history of any art form, but what is interesting -- and, moreover, an instance of a particular mistake which seems to have afflicted others as well -- is the reason he gives for his displeasure. According to Nietzsche, worthwhile tragedy perished even before the fall of ancient Greece, and the cause of its demise was the rise of reason. As he says in The Birth of Tragedy, "When after all a new genre sprung into being which honored tragedy as its parent, the child was seen with dismay to bear indeed the features of its mother, but of its mother during her long death struggle. The death struggle of tragedy had been fought by Euripides . . . . Tragedy lived on there in a degenerate form, a monument to its painful and laborious death (Nietzsche 70)." As we find out later, Euripides was merely acting under the influence of Socrates -- a terrible man, a plague upon the Athenian state, whose listed faults remind one of Nietzsche himself -- but that is little comfort; the damage is done. And what is the crime of Euripides, this upstart dramatist, who dared introduce a new element to the theater? Apparently, that he "succeeded in transporting the spectator onto the stage (ibid.)" -- that he permitted the common man in the audience to identify with the actors in a more personal way, and therefore shortened, perhaps eliminated, the distance between the two camps.

The Qualities of Real Friends Essay -- Papers

The Qualities of Real Friends To have friends is an essential part of life and comfort. When you were little you had friends in school that you could play with. You shared your toys with them and laughed with them while the teacher was speaking. When you were in middle school, you probably adopted a clique of friends to see after class and hang out with after school. Later on in high school, you most likely narrowed your choice to one companion that you could share your troubles with. These are the people you chose to spend that time of your life with, and these are the people that cultivated who you are. Everyone has certain expectations of what a valuable friend should be like. What I think makes a friend is loyalty, personality and availability. A good friend has to be loyal and trust worthy. You can't live your life afraid that the person that you trust the most is going to betray you. I think in the beginning of each friendship you should test your friend's loyalty. You should never tell them too much of yourself too soon and have high expectations. When they have proven to you that they have a good heart and don't mean malice to you, then you should hold them close to your heart. It is a strong feeling of sanctuary to know that the person you call at night to spill your life to will never tell a soul. It is not good to keep things inside all the time and sometimes you need someone to share your feelings with. At other times you want someone to listen to your daily life and go through the same trials of events that happen to you; however, your friends can give you an objective point of view. Excellent friends are the ones who are enjoyable to be with. They have to have an amazing ... ...an share. When you don't spend time with your friend, both of your lives will seem distant and there won't be anything to talk about either. Who influences you when you are younger affects who you are in the future. When you are young, your mind is very fragile and is easily brainwashed by external factors. If you pick friend that has bad values you are most likely to attain the same values. There is an old saying that goes "You are who you hang out with". It is a very simple saying but there is a whole lot of truth in it. A really good friend is one who will give you good morals and has a good conscience. The person will help you gain strength and help you stand up for yourself. You want somebody that stands up straight by your side and is proud to have someone like you by theirs. An ideal friend will help you grow as a person and build your character.

Critically Analyse The Rehabilitative Element Of Prison Paying Australia Essay

I choose Bunnings warehouse company for the instance survey. This is a Australian company.it has many subdivisions in whole Australia.the foremost subdivision Arthur & A ; Robert arrive in WA. Bunnings Bros Pty Ltd is founded. Soon after they purchase their first sawmill in 1886 Subsequently on Bunnings expand in the WA market, adding edifice supplies to the bing lumber concern ; go a public company and the taking provider of WA difficult forests to the lodging building industry. In1952 Bunnings continue to spread out its operations with new Warehouses, Small Format Stores and Trade CentresA throughout Australia & A ; New Zealand now yearss. The squad of Bunning warehouse pursue sustainability within our operations by endeavoring to do them socially responsible, environmentally cognizant and economically feasible. The aspiration of bunnings to supply widest scope of place betterment merchandises at the lowest monetary values to their clients. We seek to decrease our environmental impact in ways that are mensurable including: achieving better More efficient usage of resources ; Guaranting our providers Operate sustain competently Ethically ; and educating clients about environmentally friendly options ; and concentrating on the â€Å" cut down, re-use and recycle † waste direction rules.AAs portion of our national rollout plan, we are go oning to get suited sites for new shops in both metropolitan and regional and Territory in Australia, every bit good as holding important rollout plan, we are go oning to get new shops in both metropolitan and regional locations. As portion of our national rollout plan, we are go oning to get suited sites for new Wes husbandmans purchase the BBC Hardware web including Hardware house and Benchmark shops in Australia and New Zealand. In 2001 A Our gross revenues reached A $ 6.4 billion in 2009/2010 and we employ over 30,000 Team Members. Our Team Members are the bosom and psyche of our concern. We engage with the communities in which we operate and unrecorded and we actively contribute to causes and administrations that benefit these communities. We value our Team Members ‘ parts, recognise and honor their attempts and supply a merriment, fulfilling and safe workplace. We will go on to â€Å" construct the best † and earn the right to function our clients tomorrow and into the hereafter. Bunnings & A ; Hardware house carry the largest scope of place betterment ware in Australia, over 45,000 merchandises. At Bunnings Warehouse we are invariably conveying new and exciting merchandises into our shops. Bunnings spouses with over 1,000 Australian and International providers. Bunnings penchant is to back up locally based and Australian made merchandises wherever possible, but besides purchases many types of imported merchandises from around the Earth.Such asBathroom and Kitchen Lighting and Electrical Outdoorss Populating Paint Storage and Administration Tools and Hardware Builders and Refinishers Shocking Garden Benefits and costs are frequently expressed in money footings, and are adjusted for the clip value of money, so that all flows of benefits and flows of undertaking costs over clip. Cost/Benefit Analysis is a powerful, widely used and comparatively easy tool for make up one's minding whether to do a alteration or non. To utilize the tool, foremost they work out how much the alteration will be to do. Then cipher the benefit you will from it. E commercialism interfaces of bunnings warehouse Such as.. Customers can make online shopping where costs or benefits are paid or received over clip, work out the clip it will take for the benefits to refund the costs. An on-line Catalogue of Products, complete with exposure, thorough description, and shopping cart to enable users of the site to easy buy merchandises Cross-sell and up sell merchandise suggestions throughout the site to guarantee clients see a wide choice of merchandises â€Å" Out of stock † merchandises easy and clearly identified, but still listed in the catalogue Price show including GSTA for retail, and ex-GST for sweeping A minimal order value applied to sweeping clients Different transporting computation for retail and sweeping buyers, and extra computations based on the location of the sweeping clients Interface with Secure Pay payment gateway to treat payments immediately Access to current, accurate informations and studies on site activity, including gross revenues, day-to-day traffic volumes, popular pages, and hunt footings used by visitants to happen on web site. Support for international gross revenues in the hereafter Easy to shopping on line through the bunning ‘s web site hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bunnings.com.au we can happen any merchandise with monetary value hypertext transfer protocols: //www.bunnings.com.au Find out our services, gift cards, our scope, our new release merchandises, new shops and etcaˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦..â€Å" Always lowest monetary values merely the beginnings â€Å"Top of Form Always seeking the most advanced and new merchandises available to the market, our Buying and importing squad travel the Earth to Trade Fairs and providers in many states.Intranets and extranets are communicating tools designed to enable easy information sharing within workgroups.Intranet a private computing machine web that uses the protocols of the Internet.Facilitate communicating between people or workgroups to better the information sharing capableness and overall cognition base of an organisation ‘s employees.A common extension to intranets, called extranets, opens this firewall to supply controlled entree to foreigners. Intranet consists of an internal electronic mail system and possibly a message board service. More sophisticated intranets include Web sites and databases incorporating company intelligence, signifiers, and forces information.ExtranetA web that links an endeavor to assorted divisions and concern spouses, utilizing unafraid Internet links.An extranet can l et public entree to employees, clients, clients or spouses. The extranet uses Internet protocols so users can voyage with a browser, but resides on the company ‘s private waiter instead than on a public Internet waiter. Extranet entree from the Internet can be controlled through watchword or username specific. Another resource an extranet can supply is the ability to make unafraid countries for interaction between an organisation and its spouses or resellers. Extranets can revolutionise the manner a company does concern, better the bottom line, enrich the client base, and create chancesBusiness schemeScheme is the way and range of an administration over the long-run: which achieves advantage for the administration through its constellation of resources within a ambitious environment, to run into the demands of markets and to carry through stakeholder outlooks † .Aims and SchemesThe Business Objectives column is the ‘what ‘ –What will you accomplish in your concern and by when?The Business Strategies column is the ‘how ‘ –How will you accomplish the aims you have set?Obviously, the aims and schemes should be monitored and modified, as the concern environment requires.AKey Business Objectives –Year OneBusiness Schemes1. To set up a workplace thatA A A A maps at optimal capacity 1. Rent mill infinite with a lock up storage country 2. Ensure all natural stuffs are on regular auto-order 3. Test mill equipment to guarantee maximal functionality 2. Have $ 50,000 turnover in first twelvemonth of operation 1. Supply stock to 1000 retail mercantile establishments throughout Sydney and environing tourer countries 2. Offer free merchandise to a assortment of place ware and homeA interior designer shops as a signifier of publicity 3.Develop a referral wages plan for those retail mercantile establishments that refer me to other possible providers 3. Construct a repute for quality, error-free merchandises and service 1. Ensure that natural stuffs are purchased from providers of the highest quality 2. Organize infinite to guarantee optimal production efficiency and quality 3. Feedback from clients and providers 4. Construct a client relationship base on which to spread out merchandise scope 1. Undertake networking activities to construct up name and repute 2. Always provide exceeding, on-time, service to clients 3. Keep up to day of the month with tendencies and invariably supply new and exciting merchandises for clients to take from. 5. Have merchandise scope expand to include a assortment of hand-crafted place ware by the terminal of the first 12 months 1. Take short classs to larn how to bring forth points that involvement me 2. Promote continued feedback from retail merchants on shelf life of assorted merchandises and consumer purchasing forms 3. Subscribe to magazines and publications to maintain up with new and altering tendencies. The responsible entity, Bunnings Property Management Limited ( BPML ) has defined the nucleus intent of the Trust as being: To supply a premium commercial existent estate investing merchandise, presenting a secure and turning income watercourse and long-run capital growing. To accomplish this nonsubjective the responsible entity will prosecute the undermentioned chief schemes: Better returns from bing assets through focused and pro-active plus direction Generate growing by geting quality commercial belongingss that meet the Trust ‘s investing standards Deliver efficiency, sustainability and value through effectual direction of the Trust and its capital Investing standards Ample land country ( mean 3 hectares ) Offers geographic diverseness Financially significant renter in an economically, socially and environmentally sustainable concern Visible and accessible from a major route, main road or expressway Ready vehicle entree and ample on-site parkingSurveiesThey do study through the Internet from client. They take the client sentiment about bunning ‘s merchandisesSuch as what is client ‘s sentiment on Bunnings Warehouse?What are the demands and privation of clients?What they would wish to better in service or merchandises?They can make study online and face to confront through distribute bookletsThey increase their sale through advertizement on Television, through provide price reduction, bunning warehouse ever unfastened 7 yearss which is good for every client who are busy during weekdays they can make shopping during weekends.Company paperssBUNNING warehouse is registered company with ASX.To win in the market topographic point you need direct entree to the most accurate and timely information available.A With ASX engineering and resources, we can supply nonsubjective company and fiscal market information and have a scope of merchandises and services to back up your busi ness.AASX Market Information is direct from the beginning. ASX market informations is derived straight from our merchandising systems every bit good as company studies and a Market Point is our premium, low latency connexion to ASX market activity. Sellers can subscribe to existent clip or delayed informations, sourced either straight from ASX or via a 3rd party supplier.a choice group of administrations on the planetary capital phase. An ASX listing provides secondary market liquidness and greater entree to initial and on-going support that will enable your company to develop and turn. The enhanced profile of listing can besides profit your concern by and large, bettering your credibleness with clients, providers, investors and loaners.Conducting interviewsThey conduct interviews of new staff and new skateholders.if they find they are eligible so they select them for company with all demands. Compensation and salary to staff. Bunnings Warehouse wage & A ; compensation reappraisals include all sign language and year-end fillips, holiday clip and other fringe benefits and reimbursements that make up entire compensation.E-Commerce ProcedureThe E-commerce procedure is the full procedure that takes topographic point when a client ‘s information is collected, stored, analysed, and so presented back to the client in a utile format. Our E-business procedure is merely a little part of our E-commerce procedure. Because of this, our E-commerce overview will concentrate on the part of our system that is non seeable to our clients. This part of the system is the â€Å" behind the scenes † portion of our concern scheme. Our e-commerce program is based upon the storage and analysis of two groups of informations: Demographical informations on their clients Use statistics of the arcade machines ( clip in usage, money collected ) A The demographics will be informations such as the age, sex, and location of our client ‘s frequenters. We may spread out the field of information collected and provided to our clients.AOur clients will be able to see the information. We have collected and analysed via a web via the Internet. Clients will be able to see our web site and log into a customer-specific secure web page When the client is logged into our system, they will hold entree to tin studies that have been generated from the informations collected via our system at the client ‘s concern location. A The informations transportation performed by Transmission Control Protocol TCP by and large guarantees that the informations will be sent right to the finish terminal system. To carry through this, TCP Divides the informations received from the application bed into suitably sized packages for the web bed, ( 2 ) Acknowledges all packages received, ( 3 ) Sets time-outs to guarantee that the finish terminal system acknowledges that the packages were received, and Performs other actions to guarantee that when TCP receives informations from the application bed, the corresponding TCP bed on the finish terminal system receives that informations right.Decision:Bunnings is committed to take parting in the communities in which we operate by lending to local, regional and national causes, charities and administrations throughout Australia and New Zealand. We are continue better our service and supply good merchandises to our clients. Bunnings is proud to supply a broad scope of support for a cross subdivision of community groups, not-for-profit and charitable administrations. Our squads supported good over 25,000 community activities through community sausage sizzles, local undertakings, blitzes and fund-raising in 08/09. Our support included Team Member engagement, parts and merchandise contributions. This engagement has helped raise and lend more than $ 15.2 million to community groups across Australia.

Para sa Hopeless Romantic

â€Å"Para sa Hopeless Romantic† by Marcelo Santos III, published in February 14th 2013 by Lifebooks, is a novel composed of 5 love stories of people who embark on a romantic search of their own happy ending. There are Rebecca, Nikko, Ryan, Maria and Jackie. Each one has their own love story to tell. One character is afraid to love again; the other is hoping to find love. Another character is trying to forget while the other one is longing to reunite with a former flame. Santos’ characters seem real, and their experiences taken from real life.Becca is a 3rd year student in PUP as well as Nikko and other characters like Jackie and RJ, and Sir Matt who is Becca’s boss. He made Becca and Nikko like typical college students that have relationship and quarrels. Jackie was made a happy girl, who likes handsome guys like RJ, who likes beautiful ladies on the other hand, a chickboy. Santos made his characters simple and real. Heart-tugging, passionate, and romantic, anyo ne will fall in love with the stories â€Å"Bag at Folder†, â€Å"Upuan†, â€Å"Jeepney†, â€Å"Dota vs Girlfriend†, and â€Å"Katol.†The characters are so relatable particularly to teenagers nowadays. This book may not come in series, but there are rumors that there is another book in the works and maybe an upcoming movie version too. The author, Marcelo Santos III – a beginner in his career, used to be just a blogger but now he’s a short film director, a writer, and a would-be Bestselling author. He graduated at the Polytechnic University of the Philippines in 2011. He got famous for his work, LSOV or Love Story on Video, which spread viral on Youtube that made his career go wider in the internet world.Santos’ goal in writing this novel is to bring inspiration to people experiencing the same problem as those to the characters in the book, to motivate people who are likely to give up to their problems. He also wants to be noti ced by the public, to be more famous, and to make more novels people can relate to nowadays. I’m sure that a lot of people will enjoy reading this book, a lot of teenagers can relate to the characters and to the problems of each character experience in the story, especially issues when it comes to the matter of the heart. Many readers may anticipate for the next book and the movie rumors.

Style and Analysis Essay for Soldier

John Ruskin, an English critic of art and society, wrote a passage arguing that we should be giving precedence to the soldier rather than to the merchant or manufacturer. In today’s world many people debate about who deserves to be emphasized in society. Ruskin’s argument is invalid because of his use of generalization, false dilemma, pathos and charged language. He uses a black and white statement to show the difference between soldier and manufacturer and generalization to make it seem as though all soldiers participate for the same reason. The use of pathos and charged language really plays with the reader’s emotions.In Ruskin’s passage he argues that the soldier should be more respected and considered more important than a merchant or manufacturer. Ruskin, directing his passage to the general society, says a soldier would â€Å"put him in a fortress breach, with all the pleasures of the world behind him, and only death and his duty in front of him. â €  This statement, very generalized, uses the logical fallacy of generalization. In this statement John Ruskin describes all the soldiers together as one, instead of individually. Just because all soldiers participate in war, does not mean they all are in favor of death, or dying for their country.For example a man could have joined war and become a soldier because he didn’t have any skills or simply because he enjoys the act of killing, not because he wants to fight for his country. Ruskin, using pathos, says that soldiers give up â€Å"pleasures of the world† and put their â€Å"duty in front. † In this quote Ruskin uses charged words to emotionally involve you. Duty is a strong word that many of us take as another word for responsibility. In some perspectives duty is seen as a law; one must uphold a moral or legal obligation. Putting death before pleasure makes the reader feel obligated to respond with sympathy.Not only does John Ruskin play on our emotion s and guilt us into making soldiers seem more important, he makes a black and white statement about soldiers and merchants/manufacturers. John Ruskin makes a black and white statement by saying soldiers are different from merchants and manufactures because â€Å"men associated for purposes of violence and for purposes of manufacture; in that the former appear capable of self sacrifice. † John Ruskin says that the general public should perceive that merchants/manufacturers are nothing if they don’t have the willingness to sacrifice themselves as soldiers do. The eaders don’t realize that the soldiers would be nothing without the merchants and manufacturers. The soldiers are provided in war, weapons, materials and food†¦but by whom? The manufacturers sacrificed time, materials, and food to support the soldiers. Ruskin is very heavy in using pathos, and once again tries play with the reader’s emotions. Using very well wording to emphasize emotions and c hange our view and perspectives, Ruskin draws out pathos. In the first sentence Ruskin says â€Å"that the former appear capable of self sacrifice. † The word â€Å"capable† portrays as a very strong and demeaning word.It makes readers see the merchants and manufacturers as weak, pathetic and selfish to not have the courage to die for ones country. Ruskin uses pathos, making the readers feel not only guilty and sympathetic, but also proud that they have men willing to fight for their country. John Ruskin’s statement’s about soldiers deserving more precedence is invalid due to the use of logical fallacies. Generalizing people can turn out invalid because all people, whether they do the same things or not, have different interpretations of things. The motivations of the soldiers joining war are unknown and can vary depending on the person.Making a black and white statement can also turnout invalid because there may be shades of gray in between. The merchant s and manufacturers may seem small compared to the soldiers, but in actuality they are doing something just as important as the soldier. Ruskin’s argument is flawed with charged and specific selection of language that plays on the reader’s emotions, causing logic to be unsound. Ruskin’s use of language creates an impression of sympathy for the soldiers. In society, status will always be judged and argued by everyone through different understandings.

Free Essays on Zoot Suit Riots

The Zoot Suit Riots The 1943 Zoot Suit Riots were a type of war between the military and the â€Å"zoot suitors† which happened because of false accusations and fear. The newspapers and others used Mexicans (aka) â€Å"zoot suitors† as scapegoats for peoples’ concerns about Mexican Americans. The â€Å"zoot suitors† were beaten, murdered, and harassed just for trying to be different from the rest of society. Society was scared of change or of a different style than they were used to. Society and the military took action starting June 1,1943. (â€Å"Los Angeles Times,† June 2, 1943) During the next four nights, the riots took place in East Los Angeles, California. War between â€Å"zoot suiters† and military men went on for four nights. They pounded on each other. Military men were the ones who started this war. Mexicans were punished for defending themselves. the Police did not do anything about the crimes being committed because the military men brainwashed the police into thinking that the military men were the victims. The military men said they were attacked and fought for self-defense. Sailors sent word to the â€Å"zoot suiters† (who thought that Uncle Sam’s fighting men were not just that). The sailors did the beating and the Mexicans did the time. (â€Å"New York Times,† June 14, 1943) 600 people were arrested with 175 having charges made against them. Every single person held on charges had a Spanish last name. The riots came to Be called â€Å"The Zoot Suit Riots.† Zoot suits had a lot of meaning for different people. â€Å"Zoot suits† were a European fashion that was adopted by many races. It was also adopted by gangsters as their â€Å"official uniform† or dress. The zoot suits were a way for people to look and feel different. Gangsters were tired of trying to look â€Å"trendy† like other people and Not just Mexicans wore this type of clothing - it was all races - blacks, whites, Asians, and all other... Free Essays on Zoot Suit Riots Free Essays on Zoot Suit Riots The Zoot Suit Riots The 1943 Zoot Suit Riots were a type of war between the military and the â€Å"zoot suitors† which happened because of false accusations and fear. The newspapers and others used Mexicans (aka) â€Å"zoot suitors† as scapegoats for peoples’ concerns about Mexican Americans. The â€Å"zoot suitors† were beaten, murdered, and harassed just for trying to be different from the rest of society. Society was scared of change or of a different style than they were used to. Society and the military took action starting June 1,1943. (â€Å"Los Angeles Times,† June 2, 1943) During the next four nights, the riots took place in East Los Angeles, California. War between â€Å"zoot suiters† and military men went on for four nights. They pounded on each other. Military men were the ones who started this war. Mexicans were punished for defending themselves. the Police did not do anything about the crimes being committed because the military men brainwashed the police into thinking that the military men were the victims. The military men said they were attacked and fought for self-defense. Sailors sent word to the â€Å"zoot suiters† (who thought that Uncle Sam’s fighting men were not just that). The sailors did the beating and the Mexicans did the time. (â€Å"New York Times,† June 14, 1943) 600 people were arrested with 175 having charges made against them. Every single person held on charges had a Spanish last name. The riots came to Be called â€Å"The Zoot Suit Riots.† Zoot suits had a lot of meaning for different people. â€Å"Zoot suits† were a European fashion that was adopted by many races. It was also adopted by gangsters as their â€Å"official uniform† or dress. The zoot suits were a way for people to look and feel different. Gangsters were tired of trying to look â€Å"trendy† like other people and Not just Mexicans wore this type of clothing - it was all races - blacks, whites, Asians, and all other...

South Korea Politics essays

South Korea Politics essays I believe that the Republic of Koreas (ROK) location is a paradox in that it is both advantageous and disadvantageous in their dealings with neighboring countries. The ROKs position at the center point of three major economic powers China, Japan and Russia - allows for excellent trade opportunities. It has also served to stimulate industrial, technological and agricultural markets across the ROK. Further, the ROK is poised, politically, to assume the traditional Confucian elder brother role to North Korea, should reunification come about. The disadvantage to this geographical positioning is that the ROK must increase its defense capability to ensure political and economic stability. Two of the four remaining Communist regimes surround the ROK and one former Marxist regime is within strategic striking distance. With the deployment of United States (US) forces to the Iraqi theater of operations and with the recent announcement of a withdrawal of 12,500 additional troops by Decemb er 2005, the ROK must be fully ready to assume an increasingly larger self-defense role. While the ROK has enjoyed, to a large part, the financial freedom to limit its defense spending an increase of 2.5%-3% against its gross national product will not devastate a now stable and growing economy. I tend to agree with the author that the Yi dynasty was in a downward spiral in the last two hundred years of its reign. Mr. Kim presents statistical information that is irrefutable. Even though the census numbers do not account for vagabonds, I refuse to believe that two-million people became wanderers during the 19th century alone. The only alternative explanation to the empires decline that follows a logical progression is the industrial revolution, which was sweeping the globe and making the world a smaller place. While Korea was an isolationistic monarchy it could not help but be affected by the world outside its b...

Scotland Culture essays

Scotland Culture essays Scotland is a foreign region in the United Kingdom with much culture and heritage. The history of Scotland goes back many years and can be looked at as an evolved system where culture is the foundation of all of society. Because culture is the learned set of practices, beliefs, values, and rules for proper conduct and material objects that are shared by members of society, one can only want to look further into what makes the Scottish culture so unique. There are eight regions withing the Scotland territory. These include Aberdeenshire and Grampian Highlands, Central Scotland, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Inverness and Highlands, Orkney and Shetland Islands, South West, and West Coast. The land mass of Scotland is about 78,133 km2. The weather in Scotland is the main topic of conversation from January until December from one end of Scotland to the other. Rumors abound that it is always raining, always below freezing and always under seven feet of snow. However, one thing you can be sure of is the weather is changeable and local to the extreme - it can be raining at the front of a house and not in the back. There is a local saying that says if you don't like the weather just wait 'a wee whiley' and it will change. Basically December, January and February is winter. The spring months of March and April can still be cold but generally not too bad. Summer comes early and June gives Scotland dark for just one or two hours between 1 a.m. and 3 a.m., and then the sun is out again. July and August can be very hot, sometimes too much so and misty and humid. By September things cool down and it is usually quite warm enough to head to the beaches. Autumn is generally excellent weather for walking right through t o November. However, a word of caution - dark comes very quickly on the mountains and what starts off as a walk up a mountain can turn into a lesson in survival very quickly. For most, family in Scotland was the only sense of s...

The Scandal That Led to Milo Yiannopoulos Downfall

The Scandal That Led to Milo Yiannopoulos Downfall Breitbart editor and alt-right star Milo Yiannopoulos was poised to become a household name in the United States. Viewed as a bigot, Internet troll, and homophobe by his detractors- he’d likened feminism to cancer, told gays to â€Å"get back in the closet† and led a campaign of harassment against black actress Leslie Jones- the British transplant to the U.S. made headlines in early 2017 after his college tour sparked violence. When the University of California, Berkeley, canceled a Yiannopoulos speech because riots broke out on the campus in response, President Donald Trump took to Twitter to suggest that the university should lose federal funding for not supporting free speech. That the president would take the time to allude to him on social media signaled that Yiannopoulos, best known in right-wing circles, had successfully entered the mainstream. But less than a month later, the provocateur would lose his Simon Schuster book deal, his invitation to speak at CPAC, and his job at Breitbart. How did this dramatic turn of events come about? A review of Yiannopoulos’ life, career, and controversies reveal some of the factors that led to his rapid rise and shocking fall.    Early Years and Education Born Milo Hanrahan on Oct. 18, 1984, to a Greek-Irish father and an English mother, Yiannopoulos grew up in Kent in Southern England. Years later, he would change his surname to Yiannopoulos in honor of his Greek grandmother. Although he is now considered a darling of the alt-right movement, which has been linked to anti-Semitism, Yiannopoulos says that he has matrilineal Jewish ancestry. He grew up as a practicing Catholic, however, with his mother and stepfather. The openly-gay Yiannopoulos has indicated that he consented to have a sexual relationship with a Catholic priest, despite being underage at the time. This claim would factor into his downfall at the height of his career. By his teens, Yiannopoulos, who didn’t get along well with this mother’s husband, lived with his grandmother. Although he attended both the University of Manchester and Wolfson College, Cambridge, he never earned a degree, but his lack of education did not prevent him from having a journalism career in the United Kingdom. Journalism Career Yiannopoulos’ journalism career took off after he began working for the Daily Telegraph, where he developed an interest in tech journalism after reporting on women in computing in 2009. He also appeared in a number of broadcast news outlets and programs, including Sky News, â€Å"BBC Breakfast,† â€Å"Newsnight† and â€Å"10 O’Clock Live,† discussing topics such as feminism, men’s rights, the gay community and the Pope. Through this project  the Telegraph Tech Start-Up 100, he ranked influential European tech startups in 2011. That same year, he launched the Kernel, a tech journalism site. The online magazine became embroiled in scandal two years later after contributors to the publication sued for thousands of pounds of back pay. Yiannopoulos eventually paid six contributors the money owed to them. After changing ownership a couple of times, the Kernel was purchased by Daily Dot Media in 2014. Yiannopoulos served as an adviser but no longe r ​as editor. Political  Leanings Yiannopoulos has said he’s not interested in politics, but as his career progressed, he increasingly expressed views that aligned him with the alt-right, of which he’s described himself as a â€Å"fellow traveler.† He is said to have skewed coverage of 2014’s Gamergate controversy, which led to attacks, including death and rape threats, against prominent women gamers who’d criticized sexism in video game culture. Yiannopoulos described the women as â€Å"sociopathic,† despite the fact that they were the victims of relentless online attacks that forced them out of their homes when their addresses and other personal information were revealed on the Web through  a practice known as â€Å"doxxing.† In 2015, he organized a meeting of Gamergate supporters which received a bomb threat, as did a Society of Professional Journalists event featuring Yiannopoulos discussing Gamergate. Despite the outrage he sparked, Yiannopoulos’ notoriety earned him a position with Breitbart News Network, which named him  tech editor in 2015. The far-right news organization has been accused of reporting misinformation and fueling racism, anti-Semitism, and misogyny through its content. Former Breitbart News chair Stephen Bannon serves as an assistant and chief strategist for Donald Trump, whose election to the presidency has coincided with a rise of racial harassment  and white supremacist activity, including the killing of an Indian engineer and the desecration of Jewish cemeteries. Jewish magazine the Tablet has taken issue with Yiannopoulos for aligning himself with organizations that promote a racist, anti-Semitic or misogynistic agenda while maintaining that he doesn’t personally harbor such views. Tablet writer James Kirchick pointed out in 2016 that Yiannopoulos only mentions his matrilineal Jewish heritage when the anti-Semitism of his supporters comes to light. He said that Yiannopoulos’ Jewish heritage didn’t prevent him from wearing an Iron Cross medallion- a symbol of the Nazi regime - as a young man. Yiannopoulos has also defended himself against racism charges by saying that he prefers black men as lovers. â€Å"Like the insistence that he can’t be an anti-Semite because his mother has Jewish ancestors, Yiannopoulos’ assertion that his carnal desires inoculate him from the charge of bigotry is a deflection ploy,† Kirchick asserted. â€Å"Ironically, it’s also a form of the identity politics he claims to despise. While the ‘social justice warriors’ (SJWs) Yiannopoulos mocks say they cannot be racist or anti-Semitic on account of their identities, Yiannopoulos flimsily asserts the same about himself. The alt right should be absolved of similar imputations, Yiannopoulos says, because its spokesman is a gay half-Jew with jungle fever.† A Professional Troll The year 2016 saw Yiannopoulos’ star rise exponentially. That’s in large part because he kicked off his â€Å"Dangerous Ft† college tour in late 2015, which led to protests nationwide at universities such as Rutgers, DePaul, the University of Minnesota, the University of Pittsburgh and the University of California, Los Angeles. During this timeframe, Yiannopoulos began to earn a reputation for being a professional troll. Twitter, for example, suspended his account in December 2015 after he indicated on his profile that he was BuzzFeed’s social justice editor (which he was not). Twitter suspended his account once again after he made anti-Muslim remarks following the June 2016 mass shooting at Pulse, a gay nightclub in Orlando, Fla. Yiannopoulos was permanently banned from the social media site in July for inciting a campaign of racial harassment against black actress Leslie Jones, a star of the all-female â€Å"Ghostbusters† remake. He compared Jones to a man, and his fans likened her to apes, a comparison white supremacists have long used to dehumanize blacks. Yiannopoulos denied culpability for the racist abuse Jones received but was still banned from Twitter, as hed also crafted fake tweets photoshopped to look as if theyd been sent from her account. He later said that he was thankful for the ban for giving him more notoriety. The idea that Yiannopoulos is simply a troll using politics to become famous spread when BuzzFeed quoted a  Breitbart intern saying â€Å"Milo Yiannopoulos is not one person.† Reportedly, 44 interns are responsible for crafting his articles and social media posts. Yiannopoulos seemed to admit as much at first, saying that was the norm for someone with a career like his. But he later backtracked, implying that he didn’t rely on ghostwriters. Whatever the case, critics such as Kirchick contend that Yiannopoulos is a â€Å"rank opportunist.†   He shouts â€Å"outrageous things solely designed to upset liberals. He has nothing original or interesting to share,† Kirchick asserts. Because he makes his points in a â€Å"crude† fashion, however, Yiannopoulos manages to court controversy and stay in the news. In December 2016, Yiannopoulos made headlines after news spread that publishing giant Simon Schuster had just given him a book deal with a $250,000 advance. The announcement not only prompted the Chicago Review of Books to stop reviewing Simon Schuster books but also black feminist writer Roxane Gay to walk away from her book deal with the publisher. Pride Before the Fall At the onset of 2017, arguably more Americans than ever had become familiar with Milo Yiannopoulos. On Jan. 20, the same day as Trump’s inauguration, Yiannopoulos spoke at the University of Washington. Violent demonstrations took place outside, with a Yiannopoulos supporter shooting a protester at the event. The gunshot resulted in life-threatening injuries, but the victim survived.    On Feb. 1, Yiannopoulos was scheduled to speak at UC Berkeley. An estimated 1,500 protesters gathered outside. Some started fires, engaged in vandalism and pepper sprayed passersby, leading the campus police to cancel his appearance. This provoked Donald Trump to tweet about defunding the University of California for not upholding free speech. The outcry over Yiannopoulos’ college tour didn’t deter comedian Bill Maher from inviting the journalist on his â€Å"Real Time† show on Feb. 17, however. And the very next day, Matt Schlapp, chairman of the American Conservative Union, announced that Yiannopoulos had been invited to speak to the Conservative Political Action Committee (CPAC). The invitation sparked some conservatives to speak out in opposition, but CPAC stood firm. Then, a conservative blog called the Reagan Battalion tweeted a video from 2015  of Yiannopoulos saying he consented to have a sexual relationship with a priest when he was a teen. It went on to tweet out other videos of Yiannopoulos defending underage males having sex with adults. In the clip that sparked the most controversy, Yiannopoulos said: â€Å"Some of those relationships between younger boys and older men, the sort of coming-of-age relationships, the relationships in which those older men help those young boys to discover who they are, and give them security and safety and provide them with love and a reliable and sort of a rock where they can’t speak to their parents.† Yiannopoulos also made a snarky remark about the priest who allegedly abused him. â€Å"I’m grateful for Father Michael,† he said. â€Å"I wouldn’t give nearly such good [oral sex] if it wasn’t for him.† He also made a point to say that sex with young teens did not constitute pedophilia, as sex with children did. Due to these remarks, Yiannopoulos was widely accused of advocating for adults to have sex with underage teens. The backlash was swift. CPAC disinvited him from its conference. Simon Schuster canceled his book deal, and Yiannopoulos resigned from Breitbart after staffers said they would quit if he wasn’t fired. Yiannopoulos expressed regret for his choice of words, but it wasn’t enough to convince his former allies to stand behind him. â€Å"I’ve repeatedly expressed disgust at pedophilia in my feature and opinion writing,† he said in a Facebook statement on Feb. 20. â€Å"My professional record is very clear. But I do understand that these videos, even though some of them are edited deceptively, paint a different picture. I’m partly to blame. My own experiences as a victim led me to believe I could say anything I wanted to on this subject, no matter how outrageous. But I understand that my usual blend of British sarcasm, provocation and gallows humor might have come across as flippancy, a lack of care for other victims or, worse, ‘advocacy.’ I deeply regret that. People deal with things from their past in different ways.† Now that Yiannopoulos’ career at Breitbart is in the past, members of the groups he offended- women, Jews, blacks, gays- question why only  his remarks about the age of consent led his supporters to disavow him. Why didn’t it concern CPAC, Simon Schuster et al. that Yiannopoulos had made odious remarks about women’s rights, gay rights or civil rights generally? They argue the idea that only his tacit endorsement of pedophilia made Yiannopoulos unfit for the large platform he was given sets a low bar for civil discourse and  overlooks the impact of bigotry  on the marginalized.